History of Lahore City, Pakistan

 

Historical Background

    The origin of Lahore City are often derived back somewhere between first and seventh centuries A.D. However, inferred by historians that Lahore was really supported by Loh e son of Rama, characterised because the Hindu god in Ramayana. As per Sir Robert Montgomery, Lahore rose to importance between 2d and fourth centuries. In keeping with the Greek expert, Ptolemy, Lahore was informed somewhere at the tip of the first century. Whereas per the book ood-e-Aalamahore appeared as a city in 882 AD.

    The individuals of Lahore City after they need to stress the individuality of their city say "Lahore is Lahore". The standard capital of geographic region for milion years. It had been the cultural center of Northern Indianation extending from Peshawere City to New Delhi. This superior position it holds in Islamic Republic of Pakistan likewise. Lahore City is that the town of poets, artists and also the center of industry. It's the biggest variety of instructional establishments within the country and a few of the best gardens within the continent.

    The city as we know it today, reached its peak of glory during the Moghul rulers, especially in the reign of Akbar the Great, who made it his capital. His son, Jehangir, is buried in its outskirts and his mausoleum is one of the places frequented by tourists and Lahorites alike. Close by is the mausoleum of the famous Moghul Empress, Nur Jehan, who is known for introducing the rose plant and for initiating several cultural movements in the Sub-Continent.

    The city as we all know it nowadays, reached its peak of glory throughout the Mugul rulers, particularly within the reign of Akbar the good. Who created it as his capital. His son, Jehangir, is buried in its outskirts and his burial chamber is one in every of the places frequented by tourists and Lahorites alike. within sight is that the burial chamber of the far-famed Mugul Empress, Nur Jehan. Who is thought for introducing the rose plant and for initiating many cultural movements within the Sub-Continent.

    Akbar the Great held his Court In Lahore for 14 years from 1584 to 1598, and built the Lahore Fort, as well as the city walls which had 12 gates. Some of these still survive. Jehangir and Shah Jehan, the builders of the Taj Mahal in Agra and the Shalamar Gardens in Srinagar and Lahore, built palaces and tombs. The last great Moghul Emperor, Aurangzeb (1838 - 1707) built Lahore's most famous monument, the great Badshahi Mosque. At that time the river Ravi, which now lies a few miles away from Lahore, touched the ramparts of the Fort and the Mosque. A stream still flaws there and is known as the"Old River". The Sikhs ruled it in the 18th and 19th centuries, and though it was their capital, they had a habit of damaging the Muslim monuments and took little interest in gardens. It is said that they took enough marble from the Moghul monuments of Lahore to build the Golden Temple at Amratsar twice over. Most of the gems that decorated the palaces and the forts were also taken out.

    Akbar the good control his Court In Lahore City for fourteen years from 1584 to 1598, and designed the Lahore Fort,. Likewise because the town walls that had twelve gates. A number of these still survive. Jehangir and Shah Jehan, the builders of the Taj Mahal in Agra City and also the Shalamar Gardens in Srinagar and Lahore Cityr, designed palaces and tombs. The last nice Mogul Emperor, Aurangzeb (1838 - 1707) designed Lahore's most far-famed monument, the Holy Badshahi for worship. At that point the stream Ravi, that currently lies a number of miles off from Lahore City, touched the ramparts of the Fort and also the Badshi Mosque. A stream still flaws there and is thought as the"Old River". The Sikhs dominated it within the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and tho' it had been their capital, they'd a habit of damaging the Muslim monuments and took very little interest in gardens. it's aforementioned that they took enough marble from the Mogul monuments of Lahore City to make the Golden Temple at Amratsar doubly over. Most of the gems that adorned the palaces conjointly the forts were also taken out.

British

    British were liable for the irreverence of the many of Lahore's tombs and monuments. At one stage the professional person General maintained AN workplace at the monarch Chiragh house of worship, Butea monosperma bungalows were designed for the weekends at Shalamar Gardens. Anarkali's spot was used as AN workplace and later consecrated as an area of worship known as St. Adrew's Church. It can even be conjectured that urban center was AN industrial center within the Mogul amount. The far-famed guns that dwell front of the Central repository and alternative places were formed within the foundries of urban center. Their perfection shows that the trade was quite advanced. at intervals the walled town you'll stumble upon recent Havelis or the spacious homes of the made, that provide you with AN intimation of the design of the made and notables within the Mogul reign. Efforts square measure being created to preserve a number of the buildings, beside their environments, however an excellent deal must be done to keep up them for posterity.

The British throughout their reign (1849 -1947) salaried urban center, by harmoniously combining Mughal, Gothic and Victorian sorts of design. Victorian heritage is just next to Mughal monuments. The authority and YMCA buildings designed to commemorate the golden anniversary of Empress - an incident marked by the development of clock towers and monuments everywhere Asian nation. They designed some vital buildings, just like the judicature. the govt. school, the Museums, the National school of Arts, Montgomery Hall, Tollinton Market, the geographic region University (Old Campus) and also the Provincial Assembly. At one finish of The Mall stands the University - maybe the biggest center of education in Asia. town has designed a replacement field within the quieter environments on the Canal Bank, however the recent University buildings square measure still functioning.

Students from all over Pakistan come here to receive education. Their activities completely over shadow other aspects of the cultural life. Moti Masjid or Pearl Mosque beyond the audience hall was for the exclusive use of royal ladies carved from marble having the luster of pearls. Nearby "Naulakha", a marble pavilion is inlaid with floral motifs and precious gems. Sheesh Mahal (Palace of Mirrors) built in 1631 is the most richly decorated building inside Lahore Fort. it is named for the elaborate mosaic of convex mirrors set in Stucco work tracery and the gilded interior. Built by emperor Shah Jehan, for his empress and his harem, fretted marble work screens hiding the occupants from view. Lahore offers some delightful picnic spots. Tourists can find shady groves and green carpets at Shalamar Gardens, Jehangir's Tomb and the Jinnah Gardens, the Jallo Park the newly built lqbal Park and Changa Manga Forests. Boats can be hired at the river Ravi, or at Baradari, another of the river-side pleasure-houses built by the Mughals and an ideal place for relaxation.

    Students from everywhere Islamic Republic of Pakistan come here to receive education. Their activities fully over shadow alternative aspects of the cultural life. Moti Masjid or Pearl Msque on the far side the audience hall was for the exclusive use of royal women carven from marble having the luster of pearls. close "Naulakha", a marble tent is decorated with floral motifs and precious gems. Sheesh Mahal (Palace of Mirrors) in-built 1631 is that the most richly adorned building within Lahore Fort. It's named for the flowery mosaic of bell-shaped mirrors set in Stucco work ornament and also the gilded interior. Designed by emperor monarch Jehan, for his Empress and his quarters, fretted marble work screens concealing the occupants from read. Lahore City offers some pleasant picnic spots. Tourists will realize shady groves and inexperienced carpets at Shalamar Gardens, Jehangir's spot and also the Jinnah Gardens, the Jallo Park the recently designed lqbal Park and Changa Manga Forests. Boats are often employed at the stream Ravi, or at Baradari, another of the river-side pleasure-houses designed by the Mughals and a perfect place for relaxation.

Old Names of Lahore

Laha-war

Laha-noor

Loh-pur

Mahmood-pur

Labokla

Samandpal Nagiri

Lohar-pur

Derivation Of Name

Lohawar is maybe correct sort of its original name. This name is in conformity with “Loh-Kot”, a reputation mentioned within the Rajput Chronicles meaning “Fort of Loh”.

Lahore Through The Ages

1000 BC Foundation of Lahore by Prince Loh, Son of Rama Chandra

630 AD A Great Brahmanb City per Hieun Tsang

800~900 AD Under Brahmanb rule

975 AD Subuktgin, father of Mahmood Ghaznavi of Ghazni invades Lahore and defeats Raja Jaipal

1021 AD Mahmood Ghaznavi Captures the town

1043 AD Hindu Rajas of Northern India besiege Lahore for seven

1039~1099 AD Golden Rule of Ghaznavids under Zahir-ud-Din Ibrahim

1157~1186 AD Capital of Ghaznavids under twelfth Ghaznavid Emperor

1186~1206 AD Shahab-ud-Din Ghauri conquers Lahore and brings it under the Ghorid Empire

1241~1310 AD The Mongols ransack Lahore several times

1398 AD Tamerlane plunders Lahore

1236~1526 AD Lahore plays almost no role. The Khilji, Tughlaq, Syed and Lodhi dynasties succeed each other in Delhi till Babur captures it in 1524 and lays foundations of the Moghul Empire

1524 AD Babur captures Lahore

1554 AD Babar's son Humayun returns in triumph after 14 years of exile

1606 AD Emperor Jehangir besieges Lahore

1622 AD Jehangir fixes his court in Lahore

1629 AD Shahjehan proclaimed emperor at Lahore

1629~1658 AD Lahore enjoys peace and prosperity under Ali Mardan and Wazir Khan, Governors of Emperor Shahjehan

1659 AD Emperor Aurangzeb enters Lahore

1712 AD Aurangzeb's death at Lahore

1739 AD Nadir Shah Durrani, the King of Persia captures Lahore

1748~1767 AD Nadir's successor, Ahmad Shah Abdali invades Lahore eight times

1764~1794 AD Three Sikh Chiefs Lahna Singh, Sobha Singh and Gujjer Singh occupy Lahore

1799~1839 AD Lahore under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the Sikh ruler of the Punjab

1839~1848 AD Successors of Ranjit Singh

1849 AD Annexation of the Punjab by British brings Lahore under their control

1857 AD East India Company transfers its powers to British people crown and Lahore becomes a part of a people Empire

1857~1947 AD British rule

1947 AD Creation of Pakistan

    Lahore owes much to the Mughal Princes, for it absolutely was here that Shah Jehan made the Shalimar Gardens, Aurangzeb constructed the planet famous Badshahi Mosque, and it's here that the emperor Jehangir and his beloved wife Nur Jehand are buried. The massively fortified walls of the Lahore Fort speak eloquently of the times gone along. Its origin isn't known. However, Mughal Emperor Akbar gave it a face-lift and made it one amongst the foremost splendid forts within the Sub-Continent. One can almost envision the royal Princes and Princesses moving within the calm splendor of its magnificent walls. The famous Anarkali Bazaar (named after the legendary Anarkali) is sort of adjacent to the present historical Lahore Museum, whose collection of coins and crafts unveil the secrets of centuries. People during their reign (1849-1947) combined Mughal, Gothic and Colonial architecture with Victorian style and made many historical Building just like the supreme court, Government College, the Central Museum, National College of Arts, Montgomery Hall, Tollinton Market, the Punjab University and also the Provincial Assembly.

    But Lahore offers an excellent deal over just monuments. a range of art galleries, museums, theatres, and shopping arcades are the maximum amount an element of the culture and activities that last in Lahore at a breath lking pace. Cool tree ned avenues, lush green lawns, the serene drive down the canal, the parts, the fountains and therefore the modern high se buildings, augment the character and charm of the town.